
Algae’s single-celled structure is extremely efficient in use of light and absorption of nutrients. So much so, that algae’s growth and productivity is 30 to 100 times higher than crops like soybeans. Algae production does not compete with agriculture. Algae production facilities are closed and do not require soil for growth, use 99% less water than conventional agriculture, and can be located on non-agricultural land far from water. Since the whole organism converts sunlight into oil, algae can produce more oil in an area the size of a two-car garage than an entire football field of soybeans.
The right naturally occurring algae species can, under just the right conditions, produce oil at near-theoretical limits. Their small size (less than 30 microns) and aquatic nature makes them ideal for a large-scale, highly automated, closed production system called a photobioreactor, or PBR. These systems are highly-tuned to provide each cell the precise conditions needed for maximum productivity.
Algae thrive on a high concentration of carbon dioxide. And nitrogen dioxide (NO2), a pollutant of power plants, is a nutrient for the algae. Algae production facilities can thus be fed exhaust gases from fossil fuel power plants, and even breweries, to significantly increase productivity and clean up the air.
The carbohydrates remaining after the oil has been extracted from the algae can be used to make animal feed, ethanol, and potentially sequester carbon.
OTHER INFOS: The algae that produces hydrocarbons is botryococcus braunii China Strain 1 or 2. This particular algae produces hydrocarbons of up to 60% of its DRY WEIGHT. It doubles itself every 2 to 4 days. This algae also has a life cycle that slows down even under the best of conditions. The conditions to generate this algae’s max potential are very specific as to lumogens, (too much or too little sunlight stunts reproduction), food stock for the algae, salinity of the water and particularly temperature. More or less than the ideal 25 deg C stunts growth measurably.
Solix Biofuels, IGV GmbH/GreenFuel Technologies Corporation, Photosynthesis and Optimizing Algae Growth in a Bioreactor, Quinn Edwards, Introduction to Biophotonics, April 28, 2006.pdf, more biofuels research links